The Past Is Our Definition - 1519 Words

An American novelist Wendell Berry once said that â€Å"the past is our definition.† But does the past truly hold enough strength to impact one’s life? Is it merely a faded thought? Or does it provide an insight into one’s being? Quite often the past is simply referred to as a certain amount of elapsed time. However, it is more than just a quantifying term. The past is the memoir of one’s existence. It is the recollection of memories. The past is the keeper of our dreams, our struggles and our fears. It is the moments that collectively create both one’s present and personality. The past is a series of chords which when played in the right combinations produce a melodious euphony. On the other hand, it may be an avalanche bearing the symbol of one’s destruction. In times of sorrow, a glimpse into the past can provide relief by reminding one of moments of joy, by allowing him to relive them in his mind and by reducing the magnitude of his g rief through this mirage. The past teaches a person to learn from his failures. Through the provision of a clear picture of one’s faults, the past compels a person to alter his course of action or change his behavior as time progresses in order to abstain from committing the same mistakes again. Thus, the past can shape one into an entirely different person. â€Å"Bear Came Over The Mountain† by Alice Munro is the tale of a couple’s distress as the wife, Fiona is diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. The story deals withShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Dennett s Qualia 1043 Words   |  5 Pagesinstead of a more charitably (or correctly) understood definition. How, then, to prove the qualia Dennett uses is a strawman? Let’s start by discussing his two examples –first, with pump 5/6 on neurosurgery. Recall that Dennett believes the neurosurgeon showed that our qualia are less than private and immediately apprehensible. The neurosurgeon knew our qualia better– we could not tell what was changed between our memory of past qualia and our current qualia. Dennett thinks pump 5/6 does particularlyRead MoreThe, A Strange Or Horrible Imaginary Creature873 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Definitions belong to the definers, not the defined.† -Toni Morrison. We, as humans, feel the need to label things. That label might be good or it might be bad. Regardless of whether it is good or bad, can it change? Throughout history, words have changed meanings. This happens when cultures meet or when a culture changes. The meaning of a word can even vary from place to place. What about connotations? Can a word still keep it’s meaning if how we perceive that meaning changes? The Merriam-WebsterRead MoreClassification And Interpretation Of Information Essay771 Words   |  4 PagesDefinition 1 Research (Text Book) = The systematic collection and interpretation of information with a clear purpose, to find things out (Saunders, Lewis, Thornhill, 2009) Definition 2 Research (Internet) = The strict definition of scientific research is performing a methodical study in order to prove a hypothesis or answer a specific question (Shuttleworth, 2008) Definition 3 Research (Oxford Dictionary) = The systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establishRead MorePerception And Perception Of Perception882 Words   |  4 Pages Perception has a few definitions; the most frequently used definition is what we become aware of through our senses. However, perception is not just what our senses tell us, it is our reaction to the feelings we sense. Perception just happens; it is something we cannot control. The mind tells us how we feel before we even realize what is happening. When people say they are good judges of character, they base their decisions on what they initially see. Appearance plays a huge role in howRead MoreInquiry Concerning Human Understanding by David Hume Essay1058 Words   |  5 Pagesproblem of induction, and is a central pillar of Humes overall philosophy. There are some significant objections to Humes ideas concerning causality, but they do not hold much clout and are no match for his arguments. Once one looks into Humes definition of cause and the problem of induction, it should become immediately clear that his arguments still have solid ground, even 250 years later. Hume starts out by asserting that â€Å"All reasons concerning matters of fact seem to be founded on the relationRead MoreArgument Against The Common Definition Of Patience1500 Words   |  6 PagesIn this essay, I will argue against the common definition of patience. We can peek in various dictionaries, and find the word patience defined as being able to accept or tolerate waiting, delay, or suffering without becoming annoyed or upset. One might oppose patience by getting irritated, upset, emotional or anxious in the face of suffering. Dictionaries may alter this definition from one edition to the next, however, it all draws upon the idea that there’s something we’re waiting for. This resultsRead MorePersonal Reflection Essay On Fforgiveness1274 Words   |  6 Pagesthat most people do not understand, and I must admit I was one of those people before I took the class. My experience with this concept was mainly through church sermons where the pastor explained God forgave us of our sins to restore a relationship with us. Therefore, my definition clouded by these sermons would have been, forgiveness is saying you are sorry, no matter who is at fault, showing remorse for your actions, changing your actions, and reconciling to the point of being civil to the personRead MoreIndividual Uniqueness and Social Work Essay example1495 Words   |  6 Pagesexperiences. Society molds our definitions of difference by the process of dichotomization. As we change and develop, so does our definition of difference and self. Our sense of self can be conceptualized into statuses. Of those statuses our master status is the one we identify with, the most of the time. Within this paper, I define what I believe to be my own master status, alone with its stigmas and privileges. This paper also examines how ones individual experiences and definitions of differences affectRead MoreAn Open Letter For Congress : A Address The Issue Of Systematic Oppression And Race Re lations Essay1726 Words   |  7 Pagespeople imbued by God with the very same inalienable rights afforded the family of humanity will no longer remain silent. We join in chorus to herald an anthem demanding long awaited change. On the heels of the recently concluded presidential election our nation has seen a staggering increase in hate crimes. The re emergence of oppressive practices, emboldened violence, and blatant bias against segments of the population threatens the fundamental constitutional premise that guarantees freedom, libertyRead MoreThe Case For Marriage Redefinition1231 Words   |  5 PagesThe Case for Marriage Redefinition The debate over whether same-sex marriage should be legalized has raged on furiously over the past several years in both the United States and Britain. Opponents of same-sex marriage fear what consequences the redefining of marriage may bring while gay rights lobbyists deny that the meaning of marriage is being threatened. What is really at the heart of this debate, however, is personal liberty. Marriage needs to be redefined to include all genders and the inherent

African Americans And The Civil War - 2096 Words

During the Civil War, Georgia seceded from the United States and joined the Confederacy. In 1865, the Confederacy collapsed and the Civil War came to an end. Following the Civil War, the city of Atlanta was destroyed. Despite the political and socioeconomic struggles during the Reconstruction Era, Atlanta began rebuilding and became an up-and-coming metropolitan city where both whites and African-Americans could live together, â€Å"The white man and the negro have lived together in this city more peacefully and in better spirit than in any other city, in either the North or South.† As Atlanta’s economy was growing, so was its population. Atlanta began to experience a high influx of African-American migrants from surrounding states, and an increase in tensions between whites and African-Americans began to grow. As African-Americans obtained rights, competition amongst whites and blacks increased and tensions only further escalated between the two groups. In September of 1906, the racial hostility between whites and African-Americans resulted in a violent race riot. Although Atlanta was once the city where whites and blacks could live together in racial harmony, the Atlanta Race Riots of 1906 changed the relationship between the two groups. By the late nineteenth century, Atlanta had rebuilt its economy and became the center of the economic boom in the South. Atlanta’s population in 1880 was 89,000 and by 1900 the population increased to 150,000. In 1880, there wereShow MoreRelatedAfrican Americans And The Civil War1076 Words   |  5 Pages Throughout history African Americans have had is bad in the United States. First they went through slavery which lasted about two hundred year and was ended around the Civil War which was in the 1860s-1870s. Next after they went through slavery they went through the law of Jim Crow that started after the Civil War which stated, â€Å"Separate but Equal†, and that was not the case because African Americans were still treated as second class citizens. After about ninety years around the 1960s Dr. MartinRead MoreAfrican Americans and the Civil War774 Words   |  4 PagesEssay African Americans and the Civil War Slavery affected many of the political reasons that contributed to causing the Civil War in 1961. Most in the Northern states including President Lincoln were more concerned with preserving the Union rather than fighting for the freedom of all. On the other hand the South fought to preserve what they believed to be absolute state rights. However the overall goals of the war were altered significantly by the willingness of African Americans during war. ThisRead MoreAfrican Americans And The Civil War1449 Words   |  6 PagesWhen the Civil War began, they wanted to take part in fighting to free all slaves. At the end of the civil war passed the civil rights act that gave citizenship to people that are born in the united states, years later African American men were given the right to vote. This might give equal rights but African Americans are still being discriminated. Almost century later, African Americans are still being discriminated. They got jobs and their kids go to school, but more notice that it wasn t rightRead MoreThe Civil War On African Americans Essay1421 Words   |  6 PagesThe years preceding the Civil War were monstrous for African Americans located in the South of the country. Northerners and Southerners would argue that their visions of how society is structured is the right way and should be expanded throughout the nation. Southerners claimed that slavery is okay, and it’s a positive labor system. On the contrary, Northerners claim that laborers should be paid by wage, men should have equal opportunities, and slaves should gain freedom. The four most significantRead MoreAfrican American And The Civil War876 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1865, when the civil war ended in America and slavery was abolished, the African American population in the South faced many challenges related to their new found freedom. Following the pos t-Civil War Reconstruction period, white supremacy resurfaced in the South (AE Television, 2015). Beginning in the early 1900s through 1970 there was a mass exodus of African American s from South to North America. Although some African American s were known to have moved from the South as early as 1850Read MoreThe Civil War Of African Americans1010 Words   |  5 Pagescentury. For an African American, the word â€Å"life† evolved from a word that meant absolutely nothing, to a word that stood for an individual’s highest commodity. After the civil war, emancipation for slaves transformed from a dream to a reality. Although the civil war finally ended in 1865 after four years of fighting, certain citizens and groups across the nation still remained in a state if disagreement with the freedom granted to African Americans. The years after the civil war revolutionizedRead MoreAfrican Americans And The Civil War1309 Words   |  6 PagesIn the summer of 1619, the fir st Africans were brought to Jamestown, Virginia not to live as free settlers but as subordinate slaves. They worked strenuously for Whites, who considered themselves superior to Africans, without much benefit. Racism is not just the belief that one race is superior to others, but the act of negatively identifying individuals based on the color of their skin. Attributing race to individual character has proven to have negative implications that are difficult to mend.Read MoreAfrican Americans And The Civil War1540 Words   |  7 Pageshistorical backdrop of the United States, African Americans have dependable been victimized. When Africans first came to America, they had no choice but to be slaves. The progressed toward becoming slaves to the rich, covetous, lethargic Americans. African Americans had given no compensation and regularly whipped and beaten. They battled for their opportunity, yet when the Civil War came African Americans had this logic that if they were to join the Ci vil War they could liberate all slaves. HoweverRead MoreAfrican Americans And The Civil War859 Words   |  4 Pagesslavery, predominately in the American South, African-Americans were finally set free from bondage. The fourteenth and fifteenth amendments quickly followed, granting citizenship to â€Å"all persons born or naturalized in the United States† and granting African American men the right to vote, respectively. Naturally, Americans denoted these momentous legislative feats, collectively packaged as the Reconstruction Amendments, as a means of celebration for African-Americans. However, in order to rectifyRead MoreAfrican Americans in the Civil War1971 Words   |  8 PagesAnderson HIST 3060 February 25, 13 African Americans and the Civil War The role African Americans played in the outcome, and the road to the outcome of the Civil War was immense. The fact that the south had slaves and the north did not played an enormous role in the issues. The north wanted to abolish slavery, and the south did not and after the war started this became one of the main reasons for the Civil War. Since most African Americans could not read or write, this made them an easy

Feminist At Heart By Susan Glaspell Essay - 1294 Words

Feminist at Heart Susan Glaspell is one of the less known backbones of American women writers. She was unconventional in a conventional time, and paved the way for respect in journalism, and then writing, for women. In a time when women were supposed to be quiet, obedient housewives, and not much else, she gave women a voice and challenged the stereotype while bringing common women’s issues to the spotlight. Glaspell started as a newspaper writer and evolved into a literary master, though she is not widely recognized for it. When she started working at the Des Moines Daily News, she was afforded the privilege to cover and was the first reporter on the scene of the Hossack case. The famous case involving a woman, Margaret Hossack, who allegedly killed her prominent farmer husband, John Hossack, was the base for many of Glaspell’s future works. The newspaper articles Glaspell wrote began with focus on the case, seemingly unbiased and awaiting further investigation. As the case evolved and the male figures involved with it started pointing fingers at Mrs. Hossack, Glaspell became more accusatory in her writing. The articles, ranging from 1900 to 1901, painted the picture of a scorned woman who murdered her husband for wealth and land. In the 1900s, it was uncommon for a woman to murder her husband, and the sensationalism made for a good read in every corner of the country. As the case moved on and Mrs. Hossack testified in court, Glaspell softened a bit. It seemed as thoughShow MoreRelatedThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin And The Jury Of Her Peers1049 Words   |  5 PagesStory of An Hour†, by Kate Chopin and â€Å"The Jury of Her Peers†, by Susan Glaspell compare two married women who live under the shadow of their husbands. Both of these stories were written in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries during the time when women were treated unequally. Women had limited rights. For example, they could not vote, voice thei r opinion or work outside the home. Glaspell and Chopin were considered feminist writers who focus their writing on the struggle of women duringRead MoreMarriage in the 1800s Essay1802 Words   |  8 PagesPeers by Susan Glaspell both portray marriage, and how it does not always bring happiness. Each story was written by a married woman in the 1800s, this could reveal and interrupt how the lives of a married woman were in their time period. In each story, the main character is woman being overpowered by her husband, then when they find out they could be ‘free’ a sudden sigh of relief comes to mind. Only to be either be mislead or to feel trapped again. The authors Kate Chopin and Susan Glaspell illustrateRead MoreThe Unbalanced Scale Between Men and Women940 Words   |  4 Pagesapprehension, and a feeling of inferiority, toward themselves. Susan Glaspell’s â€Å"A Jury of Her Peers† and John Steinbeck’s â€Å"The Chrysanthemums,† create a literary consciousness, showing how gender stereotyping causes impacts on women’s psyche. Society has created an idea held as a standard for the majority especially about gender. It draws a bold line that separates the rights and capabilities between men and women. Comparable to Susan Glaspell’s, â€Å"A Jury of Her Peers†, the influence of her literaryRead MoreSusan Glaspell s A Jury Of Her Peers1408 Words   |  6 PagesGrowing up in Iowa in the 1800s and 1900s, Susan Glaspell took inspiration for many of her stories from personal experiences. As a former courthouse reporter herself, Glaspell’s short story â€Å"A Jury of Her Peers† is based largely on her involvement with a murder case and a kitchen she recalled investigating. â€Å"A Jury of Her Peers,† a rendition of her early play, Trifles, focuses on the homicide of an abusive husband by his wife. While the men investigating the case overlook the various signs of abuseRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Mrs. Peters And Mrs Hale1049 Words   |  5 Pagesand puts it in the pocket of her big coat.† Glaspell uses the change of heart of Mrs. Peters in an allegorical fashion as a means to reach her concluding message. Also, in the process, illustrating that if one character could have a change of heart, a reader’s own current opinions could evolve as well. One could say that Mrs. Wright is guilty in the eyes of the law and any obstruction or intercession on her behalf is a crime as well. The dilemma Glaspell reshapes is- should a woman even have to faceRead MoreTrifles, A One Demonstration Play By Susan Glaspell1344 Words   |  6 PagesGod made for man a throne for the woman an altar. The throne exalts, the altar sanctifies. Man is the brain. The woman is the heart. The brain produces the light, the heart produces the Love. Fruitful Light, Love resurrects. The man is strong by reason. The woman is invincible by tears,† (Hugo Victor). Trifles, a one demonstration play composed by Susan Glaspell, a feminist, born in Davenport, Iowa, in 1876, she à ¢â‚¬Å"graduated at Drake University in Des Moines in June of 1899†, (Ozieblo, Barbara) andRead MoreAntigone, By Susan Glaspell And The Doll House1812 Words   |  8 Pagesdifferent than it is in today’s world. What is now equality and power was once seclusion and degradation towards women of society. Over the course of time the role of women has changed dramatically, and the plays Antigone by Sophocles, Trifles by Susan Glaspell and The Doll House by Henrik Ibsen are great works that show how women can challenge the boundaries that were put on them by a society that was not very accepting of feminism. In â€Å"Antigone†, it does not take long for our main character (Antigone)Read Moreâ€Å"a Doll’s Trifles† a Essay Comparing the Plays â€Å"Trifles† and â€Å"Dollhouse.†1937 Words   |  8 Pagessince women have broken through their defined roles to be seen on the same level as men on a social basis. Many of history’s pages are written from a patriarchal perspective, opening the way for the female protagonists and complimentary characters in Susan Glaspell’s â€Å"Trifles† and Henrik Ibsen’s â€Å"A Doll’s House† to make us rethink those gender roles through the events that occur during the plays and through their own complexity, providing interesting points of comparison and contrast between the playsRead MoreLangston Hughes and Countee Cullen: Perspective on Religion4176 Words   |  17 PagesAmerican Literature II Authors: Langston Hughes and Countee Cullen: Perspective on Religion Susan Glaspell and Charlotte Gilman: Roles of Women W.E.B Du Bois and Booker T Washington: Political View In the 1920s, the somewhat genteel world of American poetry was shaken to its foundations when the Harlem Renaissance started. During those times, all over the United States, thereRead MoreAnalysis Of Susan Glaspell s Trifles 1307 Words   |  6 PagesIn the play â€Å"Trifles† by Susan Glaspell, she relates the title of her play to how the women in this play are treated with very little respect and authority. Mr. Wright overpowers his wife and he just does not realize that until it is to late and she kills him. The two women in this play that go into the house with the attorney and the sheriff for the investigation934 were the ones to discover the evidence of what clearly happened. The two women end up hiding the evidence from the two men to help

Is It Pink By Robert N. Minor - 1223 Words

This analysis will examine chapter three, â€Å"Is it Pink? Is it Blue?† of Robert N. Minor’s book, Scared Straight: Why It s So Hard to Accept Gay People and Why It s So Hard to Be Human. Minor is a Professor of Religious Studies at the University of Kansas and often focuses his writing toward gay rights and gender roles in society. This particular book is a cultural critique of the United States’ gender roles and homophobia. Minor’s arguments leave a weak impression and leave readers with a sense of confusion. Minor ineffectively uses rhetoric in his arguments to establish a purpose, inform his audience, use effective language, or to persuade his audience to take action. Minor’s essentially argues that society’s gender roles are†¦show more content†¦Consequently, these factors lead the audience to question his credibility. In Minor’s writing, he is frequently hypocritical. For example, while he claims to strongly advocate equality between the sexes, he speaks nearly entirely about men’s gender roles, only touching on female gender roles. He scarcely even mentions different gender identities besides male and female. He also always begins speaking about men before women, which several might argue is an illustration of the injustices he is trying to argue against. Time and again Minor will take up two or three pages speaking about the male point of view on a topic, but only a few paragraphs relating to the female side. Also, the female side is usually utilized to contrast the male side, rather than any examples of Minor truly writing about as its own entity. The fact that he speaks only about â€Å"men† and â€Å"women† shows that he himself may portray an ignorance towards other identities. Additionally, while Minor constantly pushes for more tolerance for different sexual ori entations, his definition of other sexual orientations appears limited to gay men, completely ignoring an entire spectrum of sexual orientations and gender identities. In a sense, Minor perpetuates the same gender roles he argues so strongly against. Minor also uses incredibly vague sources in his writing. One instance of this is seen when he incorporates a strange poem into his â€Å"evidence† (71). This poem

Grand Challenges in Digital Education †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Grand Challenges in Digital Education. Answer: Introduction: The article published in 2017 stated that the hazardous development of ICT and the utilization of its authorise innovations have enormously affected the society and accordingly the genuine moral question might be raised concerning people and organizations, and additionally public education centres. The problems that need to be addressed raised by the ICT integrated the intrusion or education of individual as well as corporate safety, licensed innovation precise, individual as well as societal rights, value conservation and duty for the results emerging from the more and more utilization of the ICT Management. The educational viability of the ICT relies on how they are utilized as well as for what reason. What's more, similar to other educational device or method of educational conveyance, ICT don't work for everybody, wherever similarly (Tiamongla, 2017). This study includes the ethical issuesarising from the utilization of ICT at educational centres. ICT has been assumed to be the huge part in an progress of numerous segments, for example, business, education sector, science, as well as all the more vital in the development at the time of globalization. ICT has enabled numerous different economies to deed the globalization chance with the web-based business sites. This is an important certainty for the training or education segment too. With the appearance of globalization, strikingly, distance education has developed generously (Ardenghi, 2012). Students trade programs that occurred between two unique nations might not be a standard in the entire future. Today, an understudy in China can get a degree from the (AU) American University, by showing up for an exam from the solace of home. This essential standard of being physically exist before the academician to take on a subject test is not important any longer. The self-learning models are getting to be noticeably prominent with the progression of ICT on a worldwide scale. The issue with separation instruction is the absence of moral conduct on some portion of the understudies. Separate training makes it troublesome for the resources to screen their understudy's conduct (Benjamin, 2013). In the current situation, an ICT advancement that happened in America has influenced the entire world. One best cases is "the expanded use of Facebook" by youths and adults alike, regardless of caste, statement of faith, shading, race, and financial contrasts. The great part is organizing advancements like Facebook interface the entire world of business, scholars, as well as different interests. Yet, we can't deny the fact that dependence on innovation has lead everyone to disregard the genuinely necessary up close and personal communication. Other than that now again we come to know that, it is an encroachment on individual rights when web clients get fake emails that mislead them with fake open doors in the career sector as well as education. I believe that creating web innovations offer a quick paced and proficient workplace, which implies suitable work in very less time (Bostan, 2015). I totally feel that in any case, this may likewise mean, more is average from the data specialists in fewer time. Notwithstanding the nearness of digital laws halting digital wrongdoing has stayed to be ineffectual. Now we see that a comparable situation in an education division, considering the adversity of non-indistinguishable standards of conduct among the web clients. In such a situation, the directions will vary in light of nationality and monetary status. The people who are conceived in a specific nation will show signs of improvement opportunities. People from a growing economy might deny of similar opportunities. The disparity is available in present circumstances too, however, it is just to a specific degree as well as may not increment (Lesufi, 2017). The absence of digital laws and directions may prompt greater imbalance in th e quality of education. Recognizable proof of pertinent Ethical issues Pros: The entire world now turned into a small place since more troublesome for a individual live in the nation to contact with a man in China. Individuals can contact each other finished their email-ids, websites and numerous other online assets (McLean, 2011). Cons: Students and experts most of the time use Internet in their day to day tasks, for instance, checking messages, refreshing their Facebook page and notwithstanding playing an advanced amusement that perfect use of time turns must be into the main test for students. The unreasonable utilization of the Internet likewise influences the skillfulness of all standby. There is reliably a differentiation of perusing a journal Management in print as well as understanding it completely on web. Pros: A speedier imparting model must be presented by scholar through the media innovation. Many understudies also take some lessons at own pace and since amendments end up noticeably simpler. The total experience of mutuality, joining, investigating and grasping data in addition makes adapting much intriguing (Olugasa, 2013). Cons: The primary objective of training is to prpeare proficiency to advance the reparable society which can thrive on the postulate of financial advancement. The time of learning system has started as well as the monetary improvement fully depends on a capacity to appreciate changes or alterations on the entire planet economy (Shaffer, 2014). As the rising detachment training form, the conveyance exemplary of education is changing, nevertheless, the major worry is that ought not to prompt an improvement in the behave or quality of education or instruction which is being properly conveyed. Pros: Those students who totally denied admitance or access to the scholarly learning by well-known colleges mislay their goal to proceed studying.Their conclusion for a specific college makes them completely feel unwanted when a similar college denies verification. With ICT in the photo, similar understudies get a opportunity to seek after gain from home training from a similar college (Tiamongla, 2017). Cons: Academicians as well as instructors are well-appropriated with set up approaches as well as their application on the understudies (Trabelsi, McCoey, 2016). With the display of education or instruction on the web, instructors have little extensions to apply the preparation procedure on the understudy group. ICT technologies advancing as well as changing. The information security goals have been altered timely in order to meet socio-technological alteration taking place within globally interconnected surroundings. This most of the time affects the ICT security argumentation for the education institute or organization. The ICT safety issues as well as concerns are now becoming more prevailing along with increasingly difficult as the step of technology implementations proceed to speed up. This phenomenon has impressed both the unexclusive sector as well as the private sector worldwide. References Ardenghi, D. (2012). Dentists ethical practical knowledge: a critical issue for dental education.European Journal Of Dental Education,13(2), 69-72. Benjamin, M. (2013). Ethical Problems in Higher Education.Teaching Philosophy,9(4), 373-375. Bostan, A. (2015). Impact of education on security practices in ICT.Tehnicki Vjesnik - Technical Gazette,22(1), 161-168. Herold, D. (2010). Imperfect Use? ICT Provisions and Human Decisions: An Introduction to the Special Issue on ICT Adoption and User Choices.The Information Society,26(4), 243-246. Lesufi, P. (2017). Online learner registration is the future. Retrieved from https://www.iol.co.za/news/opinion/online-learner-registration-is-the-future-8991334 McLean, A. (2011). Ethical frontiers of ICT and older users: cultural, pragmatic and ethical issues.Ethics And Information Technology,13(4), 313-326. Olugasa, O. (2013). ICT for Criminal Justice System in Nigeria and Ethical Considerations.SSRN Electronic Journal. Shaffer, C. (2014). Grand Challenges in Digital Education.Frontiers In ICT,1. Tiamongla. (2017). Impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on Education. Trabelsi, Z., McCoey, M. (2016). Ethical Hacking in Information Security Curricula.International Journal Of Information And Communication Technology Education,12(1), 1-10.

Data Model for John Smith’s Real-estate Business

Question: Explain Data Model for John Smiths Real-estate Business. Answer: 1. Business Rules: In accordance with the database design, documentation and identification of business rules are essential. The business rules will be useful in developing the constraints and relation participation rules for the relational model of John Smiths real-estates database. The business rules in the organizations data base will be as following. Customer -------- Buys ------- Properties Customer -------- makes ------ Payments Property --------- receives -------- Payments 2. Entity Relationship Diagram in 3NF: Figure 1: Entity Relation Diagram for John Smiths real-estate business 3. Relational Model: Figure 2: Relational Model of John Smiths real-estate business Data Base Customer table: Attribute Data Type Size Key Type cust id CHAR 10 Primary Key name CHAR 10 address CHAR 10 contact NUMBER 10 email CHAR 10 Property table: Attribute Data Type Size Key Type property id CHAR 10 Primary Key name CHAR 10 location CHAR 10 construction type CHAR 10 roofing type CHAR 10 number of bedrooms CHAR 10 number of toilets CHAR 10 living room size CHAR 10 dining room size CHAR 10 kitchen size CHAR 10 price NUMBER 10 Property for lease table: Attribute Data Type Size Key Type lease id CHAR 10 Primary Key property id CHAR 10 Foreign key settlement date DATETIME start date DATETIME end date DATETIME detail CHAR 100 stamp duty CHAR 10 status CHAR 10 Property for sale table: Attribute Data Type Size Key Type sale id CHAR 10 Primary Key property id CHAR 10 Foreign key settlement date DATETIME selling date DATETIME detail CHAR 10 stamp duty CHAR 10 Property bought table: Attribute Data Type Size Key Type buy id CHAR 10 Primary Key property id CHAR 10 Foreign key settlement date DATETIME stamp duty CHAR 10 Payment table: Attribute Data Type Size Key Type payment id CHAR 10 Primary Key property id CHAR 10 Foreign key cust id CHAR 10 Foreign key amount Numeric 10 date DATETIME 4. Justification of Choices: The customer contacts John Smiths real-estate for acquiring property. The customer then make payment against the purchase and payments are received against the purchase. The organization presents three kinds of property such as for lease, buy and sell. Buy property represents the properties that the organization have bought. The payment will contain the primary key of property and customer as foreign keys for connecting the customer table with the property table. All the selected relationships and the entities are free from any kind of problem. Various assumptions have been made such as the payment procedure will be same for all types of property and in terms of buying property from a third party, the third party will be the customer. The properties will be storing the settlement date for the properties that will have been leased or sold. 5. Create Query: 5.1 Customer: CREATE TABLE customer ( cust_id char (10) NOT NULL, name char(10) NOT NULL, address char(10), contact number, email char(10), CONSTRAINT customer_pk PRIMARY KEY (cust_id)); 5. 2 Property: CREATE TABLE property (property_id char (10) NOT NULL, name char(10) NOT NULL, location char(10), construction type char(10), roofing type char(10), number of bedrooms char(10), number of toilets number living room size number dining room size number kitchen size number price number CONSTRAINT propertyr_pk PRIMARY KEY (property_id)); 5.3 Property for Lease: CREATE TABLE property for lease (lease id char (10 property_id char (10) NOT NULL, settlement date DATE, start date DATE, end date DATE, detail char(100), stamp duty char(10), status char(10), CONSTRAINT property for lease _pk PRIMARY KEY (lease id), CONSTRAINT fk_ property for lease FOREIGN KEY (property_id) REFERENCES property (property_id)); 5.4 Property for Sale: CREATE TABLE property for sale (sale id char (10 property_id char (10) NOT NULL, selling date DATE, detail char(100), stamp duty char(10), CONSTRAINT property for sale _pk PRIMARY KEY (sale id), CONSTRAINT fk_ property for sale FOREIGN KEY (property_id) REFERENCES property (property_id)); 5.5 Property Bought: CREATE TABLE property for buy (buy id char (10), property_id char (10) NOT NULL, settlement date DATE, stamp duty char(10), CONSTRAINT property for buy_pk PRIMARY KEY (buy id), CONSTRAINT fk_ property bought FOREIGN KEY (property_id) REFERENCES property (property_id)); 5.6 Payment: CREATE TABLE payment (payment id char (10), property_id char (10, cust id char (10), amount number, payment date DATE, stamp duty char(10), CONSTRAINT property for buy _pk PRIMARY KEY (payment id), CONSTRAINT fk_ payment bought FOREIGN KEY (property _id) REFERENCES property (property _id), CONSTRAINT fk2_ payment bought FOREIGN KEY (cust _id) REFERENCES property (cust _id)); 6. Insert Into Query: 6.1 Customer: Insert into Customer values (1, Allen, Canberra, 93214, alen@mail.com); Insert into Customer values (2, Brien, Sydney, 21134, brien@mail.com); Insert into Customer values (3, Rachel, Brisbane, 12345, rachel@mail.com); Insert into Customer values (4, James, Melbourne, 54321, james@mail.com); Insert into Customer values (5, Lily, Sydney, 65498, lily@mail.com); cust_id name address contact email 1 Allen Canberra 93214 alen@mail.com 2 Brien Sydney 21134 brien@mail.com 3 Rachel Brisbane 12345 rachel@mail.com 4 James Melbourne 54321 james@mail.com 5 Lily Sydney 65498 lily@mail.com 6.2 Property: Insert into Property values (1, Sydney Heights, Sydney, brick veneer, steel, 2, 1, 12 x 18 ft, 18 x 26 ft, 7 x 10 ft, 3000.00); Insert into Property values (2, Melbourne District, Melbourne, brick veneer, tiled,, 3, 2, 15 x 22ft, 22 x 26 ft, 12 x 18 ft, 80000.00); Insert into Property values (3, Brisbane Apartment, Brisbane, double brick, tiled, 2, 1, 11x 17ft, 22 x 26 ft, 8 x 12 ft, 4000.00); Insert into Property values (4, Home Sweet Home, Melbourne, weatherboards, steel,, 3, 1, 15x 19ft, 27 x 31 ft, 14 x 17 ft, 120000.00); Insert into Property values (5, My House, Sydney, double brick, steel, 2, 1, 15x 19ft, 27 x 31 ft, 14 x 17 ft, 9000.00); Insert into Property values (6, Street View, Sydney, brick veneer, steel, 2, 1, 12 x 18 ft, 18 x 26 ft, 7 x 10 ft, 30000.00); Insert into Property values (7, Lacers House, Melbourne, brick veneer, tiled,, 3, 2, 15 x 22ft, 22 x 26 ft, 12 x 18 ft, 8000.00); Insert into Property values (8, Birams Apartment, Brisbane, double brick, tiled, 2, 1, 11x 17ft, 22 x 26 ft, 8 x 12 ft, 40000.00); Insert into Property values (9, Melbournes Paradise, Melbourne, weatherboards, steel,, 3, 1, 15x 19ft, 27 x 31 ft, 14 x 17 ft, 120000.00); Insert into Property values (10, Sydney Primes, Sydney, double brick, steel, 2, 1, 15x 19ft, 27 x 31 ft, 14 x 17 ft, 90000.00); Insert into Property values (11, Happy Apartment, Sydney, brick veneer, steel, 2, 1, 12 x 18 ft, 18 x 26 ft, 7 x 10 ft, 30000.00); Insert into Property values (12, Paradise, Melbourne, brick veneer, tiled,, 3, 2, 15 x 22ft, 22 x 26 ft, 12 x 18 ft, 80000.00); Insert into Property values (13, Rain Fall, Brisbane, double brick, tiled, 2, 1, 11x 17ft, 22 x 26 ft, 8 x 12 ft, 40000.00); Insert into Property values (14, Roof top, Melbourne, weatherboards, steel,, 3, 1, 15x 19ft, 27 x 31 ft, 14 x 17 ft, 12000.00); Insert into Property values (15, My House, Sydney, double brick, steel, 2, 1, 15x 19ft, 27 x 31 ft, 14 x 17 ft, 90000.00); Property_id name location construction_type roofing_type Number_of_bedrooms Number_of_toilets Living_room_size Dining_room_size Kitchen_size price 1 Sydney Heights Sydney brick veneer steel 2 1 12 x 18 ft 18 x 26 ft 7 x 10 ft 3000.00 2 Melbourne District Melbourne brick veneer tiled 3 2 15 x 22ft 22 x 26 ft 12 x 18 ft 80000.00 3 Brisbane Apartment Brisbane double brick tiled 2 1 11x 17ft 22 x 26 ft 8 x 12 ft 4000.00 4 Home Sweet Home Melbourne weatherboards steel 3 1 15x 19ft 27 x 31 ft 14 x 17 ft 120000.00 5 My House Sydney double brick steel 2 1 15x 19ft 27 x 31 ft 14 x 17 ft 9000.00 6 Street View Sydney brick veneer steel 2 1 12 x 18 ft 18 x 26 ft 7 x 10 ft 30000.00 7 Lacers House Melbourne brick veneer tiled 3 2 15 x 22ft 22 x 26 ft 12 x 18 ft 8000.00 8 Birams Apartment Brisbane double brick tiled 2 1 11x 17ft 22 x 26 ft 8 x 12 ft 40000.00 9 Melbournes Paradise Melbourne weatherboards steel 3 1 15x 19ft 27 x 31 ft 14 x 17 ft 120000.00 10 Sydney Primes Sydney double brick steel 2 1 15x 19ft 27 x 31 ft 14 x 17 ft 90000.00 11 Happy Apartment Sydney brick veneer steel 2 1 12 x 18 ft 18 x 26 ft 7 x 10 ft 30000.00 12 Paradise Melbourne brick veneer tiled 3 2 15 x 22ft 22 x 26 ft 12 x 18 ft 80000.00 13 Rain Fall Brisbane double brick tiled 2 1 11x 17ft 22 x 26 ft 8 x 12 ft 40000.00 14 Roof top Melbourne weatherboards steel 3 1 15x 19ft 27 x 31 ft 14 x 17 ft 12000.00 15 My House Sydney double brick steel 2 1 15x 19ft 27 x 31 ft 14 x 17 ft 90000.00 6.3 Property_for_lease: Insert into Property_for_lease values (1, 5, 5/5/16, 7/6/16, 21/9/16, , 123.00, Not Started); Insert into Property_for_lease values (2, 14, , , , , 275.00, ); Insert into Property_for_lease values (3, 1, 17/5/16, 21/5/16, 11/7/16, , 345.00, Active); Insert into Property_for_lease values (4, 7, , , , , 134.00, ); Insert into Property_for_lease values (5, 3, 17/5/16, 25/6/16, 11/9/16, , 75.00, Expired); lease_id property_id settlement_date start_date end_date detail stamp_duty status 1 5 5/5/16 7/6/16 21/9/16 123.00 Not Started 2 14 275.00 3 1 17/5/16 21/5/16 11/7/16 345.00 Active 4 7 134.00 5 3 17/1/16 25/1/16 11/3/16 75.00 Expired 6.4 Property_for_sale: Insert into Property_for_sale values (1, 8, 5/3/16, 7/4/16, , 1123.00); Insert into Property_for_sale values (2, 15, 15/5/16, , , 2275.00); Insert into Property_for_sale values (3, 11, , , , 3445.00); Insert into Property_for_sale values (4, 6, 21/5/16, 25/5/16, , , 1534.00); Insert into Property_for_sale values (5, 2, 22/4/16, 4/5/16, , 2275.00); sale_id property_ id settlement_date selling_date detail stamp_duty 1 8 5/3/16 7/4/16 1123.00 2 15 15/5/16 2275.00 3 11 3445.00 4 6 21/5/16 25/5/16 1534.00 5 2 22/4/16 4/5/16 2275.00 6.5 Property_bought: Insert into Property_bought values (1, 9, 5/3/16, 7/4/16, , 1123.00); Insert into Property_bought values (2, 12, 15/5/16, , , 2275.00); Insert into Property_bought values (3, 10, , , , 3445.00); Insert into Property_bought values (4, 4, 21/5/16, 25/5/16, , , 1534.00); Insert into Property_bought values (5, 13, 22/4/16, 4/5/16, , 2275.00); buy_id property_ id settlement_date stamp_duty 1 9 5/3/16 1123.00 2 12 15/5/16 2275.00 3 10 27/3/16 3445.00 4 4 21/5/16 1534.00 5 13 22/4/16 2275.00 6.6 Payment: Insert into Payment values (1, 2, 1, 5/5/16); Insert into Payment values (2, 1, 2, 17/5/16); Insert into Payment values (3, 8, 1, 5/3/16); Insert into Payment values (4, 15, 5, 15/5/16); Insert into Payment values (5, 13, 1, 22/4/16); Insert into Payment values (6, 9, 5, 5/3/16); Insert into Payment values (7, 3, 3, 17/1/16); Insert into Payment values (8, 2, 2, 22/4/16); Insert into Payment values (9, 4, 4, 21/5/16); Insert into Payment values (10, 12, 4, 15/5/16); Insert into Payment values (11, 6, 3, 21/5/16); payment_id property_ id cust_id date 1 5 1 5/5/16 2 1 2 17/5/16 3 8 1 5/3/16 4 15 5 15/5/16 5 13 1 22/4/16 6 9 5 5/3/16 7 3 3 17/1/16 8 2 2 22/4/16 9 4 4 21/5/16 10 12 4 15/5/16 11 6 3 21/5/16 12 10 4 27/3/16 Bibliography: Akram, M. and Ashraf, W., 2015. 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